Tell students that when an atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes an ion. Sodium loses an electron, leaving it with 11 protons, but only 10 electrons. Since it has 1 more proton than electrons, ...

In principle, ion beams also could produce better images of nanoscale surface features than conventional electron microscopy. But the current technology for both applications is problematic.

The goal is to study the inter-electronic effects in the boron-like configuration. So far, the only boron-like g factor has been measured with high precision for argon ions with a proton number Z ...

OLIPHANT and Moon1 recently proposed a theory of electron emission at ion collisions, and succeeded in interpreting the data of Oliphant2. They differentiate two kinds of liberation of electrons ...