The Irish mathematician and physicist William Rowan Hamilton, who was born 220 years ago last month, is famous for carving ...

Understanding diffraction and dispersion is key to optical science, influencing technologies like spectroscopy, fiber optics, ...

When you shine a flashlight into a glass of water, the beam bends. That simple observation, familiar since ancient times, ...

"These single atoms are like the smallest slits you could possibly build." For over 100 years, quantum physics has taught us that light is both a wave and a particle. Now, researchers at the ...

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Classical optics, rooted in the laws of reflection and refraction that treat light as rays, has long provided a practical framework for imaging and illumination. By contrast, physical optics delves ...

A plasmon is a quantum of plasma oscillations. These plasma oscillations, also known as Langmuir waves, are rapid ...