Wireless-communication technologies are evolving from 2G, 2.5G, and 3G to 3.9G technologies. Consumer demand for seamless access to data and personal content—that is, voice, music, and video—is ...

To provide the increased bandwidth and data-transmission rates necessary for wireless data, voice, music, and video applications, engineers must contend with higher-order modulation schemes that place ...

No instrument, whether in the time or frequency domains, is suitable for all use cases. Signal/spectrum analyzers shine for ensuring standards conformity. Oscilloscopes tend to be more versatile, ...

Like most modern radio communications devices, wireless local-area networks (WLANs), RFID tags, and 3G cellular systems rely on complex modulations that require specialized signal-analysis ...