Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Capital is money companies raise for long-term business investments and expenses. Long-term financing and investor equity are the two primary sources of capital. The optimum balance is referred to as ...

A multiperiod model of optimal capital structure is developed under the assumption that earnings follow an autoregressive process. Firm value and leverage vary through time and, at each date, the firm ...

Indian start-ups finance growth using instruments like CCPS, venture debt, and iSAFE notes. Capital structure evolves with milestones, requiring sequencing of funds to minimize WACC, manage forex risk ...

Antill, Samuel, and Steven R. Grenadier. "Optimal Capital Structure and Bankruptcy Choice: Dynamic Bargaining vs Liquidation." Journal of Financial Economics 133, no. 1 (July 2019): 198–224.

Expertise from Forbes Councils members, operated under license. Opinions expressed are those of the author. Mergers and acquisitions have become a common strategy for organizations aiming to expand ...

This article demonstrates that investors' heterogeneous tax status implies that they value bonds differently at the margin. Due to asymmetric personal taxes, high-risk bonds generate a higher amount ...

The prolonged softness in commodity prices has deteriorated the profitability of oil and gas companies worldwide, forcing them to raise additional debt in order to sustain their operations. This, ...