Without nitrogen to fertilize crops, ... These are analogous to better-known free oxygen radicals: an altered electron configuration makes them especially unstable, ...

Experimental measurements demonstrate the relationship between electron charge, temperature, and EMP intensity as nitrogen gas jet pressure varies, which identifies that the variation in ...

Transmission electron microscopy ... As a first example, we analyse the electronic configuration around nitrogen-substitution point defects 25 in graphene 26,27. In this case, ...

To further reveal the physical processes of petawatt laser ablation on nitrogen gas jets, based on the 2D PIC software EPOCH. Simulations show how plasma channel structures evolve under different ...

The identification of new chemical bonds is crucial for the design of new material structures. A team has found unexpected new configurations of oxygen and nitrogen in graphene.