CAS, an institution independent of any sports organisation, handles significant legal sporting cases such as doping and contract disputes.

The European Union’s top court has ruled that some decisions by international governing bodies, such as FIFA and the IOC, can be challenged outside Switzerland, opening up a system that currently binds athletes,

National courts must be allowed to conduct in-depth reviews of arbitral awards by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) to ensure they are compliant with EU law, the European Court of Justice said on Friday.