This article was written as part of The Michigan Daily’s investigation to better understand the risks, advancements and future of water in Michigan and beyond. Read other stories from the project here ...

Public water systems add fluoride to drinking water to help strengthen teeth. This is considered one of the great public health achievements, credited as a major factor in the decline in tooth decay ...

Fluoride does more than just prevent cavities—it actually strengthens teeth before they even come in. James Bekker, DMD, a pediatric dentist at University of Utah Health, explains how fluoride ...

Tap water across America has, for decades, been fortified with fluoride, a negatively charged ion of the chemical element fluorine, in order to strengthen the public’s teeth. But a scientific review ...

A rigorous nine-year research review looking at the relationship between fluoride and intelligence in children concludes that as fluoride levels rise, IQ drops. Every 1 part per million increase in ...