Electromagnetic (EM) waves with helical wave front carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), which is associated with the azimuthal phase of the complex electric field. OAM is a new degree of freedom in ...

We present an orbital-resolved extension of the Hubbard U correction to density-functional theory (DFT). Compared to the conventional shell-averaged approach, the prediction of energetic, electronic ...

Beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), has attracted wide interests recently, due to their favorable potential in communications, optical tweezers, remote detection, etc. However, distortion ...