The Qur’an makes a precise historical distinction by referring to the ruler of Egypt during Prophet Yūsuf’s (Joseph’s) time as “al-Malik” (the King), while during Prophet Mūsā’s (Moses’) time it consistently uses the title “Firʿawn” (Pharaoh), which aligns with what modern Egyptology has discovered. In Yūsuf’s era, Egypt was ruled by the Hyksos, foreign rulers who used the title king and did not call themselves pharaohs, whereas the title Pharaoh was adopted later by native Egyptian rulers durin